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JFK → YYZ

New York to Toronto: distance, flight time and the route it really takes

John F. Kennedy to Toronto Pearson is 588 km of great circle — 366 mi — and an estimated 1h 14m in the air. Both ends are in North America.

Great circle
588 km
366 mi
Estimated in the air
1h 14m
block time
Furthest from equator
43.7°N
at 100% along
One lap of Earth
1.5%
of 40,075 km
The New York to Toronto route drawn as a great circle arc on a globe

What the aircraft actually flies over

From New York the path crosses the United States, then Canada.

The furthest the great circle gets from the equator is 43.7°N, 100% of the way along.

Holding a single compass bearing the whole way would cover almost exactly the same ground, so on this route the flat map and the globe agree.

From

JFK

John F. Kennedy

New York, United States · North America

40.6°N, 73.8°W

Flights to New York
To

YYZ

Toronto Pearson

Toronto, Canada · North America

43.7°N, 79.6°W

How these numbers are worked out

The distance is the great circle between the two airports’ real coordinates — the shortest path over a sphere, and the measure airlines and loyalty programmes use. It is computed, not looked up from a table of published routes.

The time is an estimate derived from that distance, using the same arithmetic Orbit uses when you log a flight without timestamps: a typical airliner block speed of 500 mph plus thirty minutes for taxi, climb and descent. Real schedules run longer or shorter depending on winds, air traffic control routing and how far the gate is from the runway. Aircraft also do not fly perfect great circles — jet streams, airspace closures and ETOPS limits all bend the path, usually by a few percent.

Why the shortest path is a curve →

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